How does the Nissan GT-R’s Launch Control Work?

The Nissan GT-R’s launch control is iconic in terms of single handedly sending a car into supercar territory. 2.7 seconds is what it takes to propel this car to 60 mph, everyone knows this but there is a lot of confusion about how the GT-R accelerates so quickly. I am prepared to fully crack the code and tell you exactly how the GT-R can keep up the Bugatti Veyron. To fully explain the launch control, I will be explaining each step as they occur in order from activation to flying past 60 mph.

STEP 1: Spooling the Turbochargers

                After activating the launch control, everyone knows that you must press the brake and the accelerator at the same time. This action is needed to spool the turbos to prevent turbo lag. Don't believe me; try launching the GT-R without launch control. No matter what you do you'll reach 60 in around 3.7 to 3.9 seconds with an extremely long initial turbo lag.

Beautiful Engine, but you have to spool those turbos³

STEP 2: Priming the Bilstein DampTronic System

                The Bilstein system is the GT-R’s advanced suspension system that uses dozens of systems that measures vehicle speed, lateral acceleration, torque, engine rpm, and braking behavior to help provide the right amount of dampening. Impressive huh? So of course Nissan would fit in a special protocol for the launch control. Everyone knows that during a sudden acceleration, with or without launch control, the resulting change in inertia causes the weight to transfer to the rear of the car. The weight transfer causes less down force and less grip for the front wheels resulting in torque steer. The resulting wheel spin of the front wheels will extend launches by a few fractions of a second. To prevent such a phenomenon, Nissan tuned the launch system to keep the GT-R flat at launch.  All of this suspension priming occurs as your spooling the turbos in the previous step.

The next 3 steps occur at the same time

STEP 3: Grippy tires, ATTESA E-TS all wheel drive, and VDC = fast times

The next the 3 features of the GT-R that contributes to that amazing acceleration all work at the same time, so I will be combining them in step 3. At this moment, you have just released the brake to start the run.

The stock GT-R wears a set of Dunlop® SP Sport MAXX GT 600 DSST CTT high-performance run-flat tires. To best describe these tires, I would call them street bike tires for cars. That’s not an insult, the level of grip these tires can achieve is unbelievable, and unbelievable grip is needed for launches.

 

Dunlop SP Sport MAXX GT 600 DSST CTT⁴

The advanced total traction engineering system for all-terrain, or ATTESA, is what primarily receives most of the credit for the GT-R’s rapid launches. But if four wheel drive is the magic ingredient then why don't other all wheel drive sports cars with more power like Audis and the new Porsche 991 turbo accelerate to 60 in less than 3 seconds. Obviously there is more to the story than just all wheel drive, but the ATTESA system does play a part in putting all 463lb-ft of torque to the ground. Notice that I said “putting torque to the ground” instead of horsepower, that’s because engine torque is what the tires are subjected to. With ATTESA 50:50 torque distribution each wheel only has to handle 116 ft-lbs of torque, well within the range of what those large Dunlop summer tires can handle. I call it tire efficiency; maximum torque is at or just above what the tires can handle. Something that the BMW M6 and AMG’s need to learn.

The Nissan GT-R’s traction control or Vehicle Dynamic Control (VDC) obviously plays a launches. Because the all-wheel drive system does most of the work by dividing up the torque to manageable levels, the VDC doesn’t have to control a mountain of torque like most super cars with 500+lbs of torque and two wheel drive. Turn off traction control and you will feel a little initial wheel spin so VDC is doing something. But to be able to launch repeatedly and consistently without any hint of wheel spin implies that this dual partnership can achieve big things.

STEP 4: Short gearing goes a long way   

                After those Dunlops hooked up to the pavement, the Nissan GT-R will launch you as if you shot out of a cannon. Before you thinking this step is about the super fast gear shift times, let me inform you that this step is actually about the gear ratios. This is the Nissan GT-R’s biggest secret when it comes to its launch control. The Nissan GT-R has extremely short gears. For those who don't know much about gear ratios let me explain a little bit. When you look at car spec sheets that have gear ratios, you will see numbers associated with each gear. For example, the 2014 Corvette Stingray’s 1^st gear ratio is 2.97:1 which means for every 2.97 revolutions of the engine the transmission’s output drive-shaft performs 1 revolution1. The GT-R’s 1^st gear ratio is 4.56:1; you can see the significant jump in ratios between the two cars2. The higher the ratio numbers the shorter the gear, which means that the engine is able to rev through the gear easier leading to faster accelerations. To put it in simple terms, short gears highlight the engine’s torque and long gears highlight the engine’s horsepower. Sports car companies tend to avoid short gears because even though you’ll accelerate faster, you will achieve a lower top speed. This is why 600hp rally cars with extremely fast acceleration times don’t have high tops speeds to match. Nissan obviously choice to focus on 0-60 mph accelerations so much that they devoted the first 3 gears to be short to achieve the quickest accelerations. Then to try to maintain the high top speed of 198 mph, the GT-R returns to normal size gear ratios. Although they manage to touch 198 mph, it’s also the cause of one the GT-R complaints from hard core performance enthusiasts. For years reviewers have been complaining about how the GT-R flies like a bat out of hell from 0-100 mph, but from 100+ the GT-R becomes gutless. This is because those reviewers are experiencing the transition from short gear ratios to longer gears. Despite the complaints, I believe Nissan have made a good decision.

STEP 5: Now we talk about shift times

2012 Nissan GT-R⁵

                For all of you purest out there who claim that traditional manuals are the way to go and should be available in all sports cars. Let me inform you that the GT-R would not be where it is today if it was equipped with a stick shift. All of the hard work contributed by the systems and hardware explained in the previous four steps would be negated with a traditional manual. Even highly experience racing drivers would not be able to pull fast enough shifts even to maintain a 3 second acceleration time. The driver also has to modulate the clutch to get off the line, another time stripping opportunity. Also, a GT-R with a stick shift manual would mean that every GT-R owner wouldn’t be able to achieve its optimum acceleration time (whatever that would be). Let’s just face the facts; double clutch is the way to go. Not only does it allow every owner to achieve the quickest acceleration runs repeatedly, the 0.15 sec shift times of the double clutch is the final icing on the cake to achieve the mind numbing 2.7 seconds acceleration run.

                Now you are flying past 60 mph, and most likely hitting 80 mph before you realize it. Yes the acceleration is that fast thanks to the above 5 steps. The biggest contributors to the GT-R launch are the all wheel drive system, the short gearing, and the fact that the engine doesn’t produce over 500 ft-lbs of torque (very important for the tire management).  Even though they are the biggest contributors, the entire GT-R package is needed together to create this monster.  The GT-R was not build to have a design presence or to be full of emotion; it was built solely on technology and physics in mind to achieve the fastest 0-60 mph times and to eat up track times. Now you are awed and knowledgeable, which is better than just being awed. 

Resources

1.       Road and Track. "2014 Chevrolet Corvette Stngray Performance Report." Road and Track. RoadandTrack.com, Sept. 2013. Web. 8 Dec. 2013. <http://www.roadandtrack.com/cm/roadandtrack/data/vettecomp.pdf>.

2.       Nissan. "2014 Nissan GT-R Specs." Nissan USA. Nissan, 2013. Web. 26 Nov. 2013. <http://www.nissanusa.com/sportscars/gt-r/versions-specs>.

3.       MotorTrend. "2012 Nissan GT-R Photo Gallery." MotorTrend.com. MotorTrend.com, 29 June 2011. Web. 8 Dec. 2013. <http://www.motortrend.com/photo_gallery/coupes/1105_2012_nissan_gt_r_photo_gallery/photo_06.html>.

4.       Tire Rack. "Dunlop SP Sport Maxx GT 600 DSST CTT." Tire Rack. Tire Rack, n.d. Web. 08 Dec. 2013. <http://www.tirerack.com/tires/tires.jsp?tireMake=Dunlop&tireModel=SP+Sport+Maxx+GT+600+DSST+CTT>.

5.       Hqwide. "Cars Nissan Gtr Wallpaper." HQ Widescreen Wallpapers. Hqwide, n.d. Web. 26 Nov. 2013. <http://hqwide.com/cars-nissan-gtr-wallpaper-40101/>.

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2014 Nissan GT-R Review

The Nissan GT-R is probably the most well known and most talked about sports car in the automotive world over the last decade. In all of its reviews, reporters reflect the GT-R as some type of super car god that has no flaws. The truth is that there are a lot of flaws, and I am prepared to expose them all. Currently the 2013 GT-R comes in 3 versions excluding the Midnight Opal Special edition, the standard Premium edition ($99,590), the attractive Black edition ($109,330), and the raw Track edition ($115,710)⁵.  The Black edition comes with a dry carbon-fiber rear spoiler as oppose to colored, an attractive set of 20” black Rays® wheels, and a black and red Recaro® front seats. The Track Edition comes with everything the Black edition has plus additional brake cooling, a track-tuned suspension, and makes your interior blue and grey while robbing you of your back seats⁷. I will be talking about the premium edition since it the version that most buyers will be purchasing.

Design

Design? The Nissan GT-R does not truly have a design. The overall dimension and look is designed to be entirely functional. Every curve, vent, duct, lines, and angle are there increase downforce, improve aerodynamics, and reduce drag; not to when a beauty contest. Not much else to say about it. The Nissan GT-R is a lot larger in person than you may expect. Despite being coupe, the big brawny stature makes it as large as most midsize sedans being 15.3 feet long and 6.2 feet wide. The large space also carries itself inside. The cabin is pretty roomy for a sports car, offering good visibility outside and plenty of elbow room. The GT-R is classified as a 2+2 coupe but those backseats are useless unless you chop your legs off or pile girls on top of one another, either way it’s cramped.

Despite the GT-R’s bland exterior, the interior thankfully have some styling to it starting with the leather everywhere. The seats, door trim, and dashboard is all lined with smooth leather littered with suede inserts and carbon fiber trim. The cabin’s interior is average; it’s not super luxurious like the Audi R8’s or tech savvy like the Porsche’s. Here’s the main problem, interior only comes in black. Why would Nissan only offer one standard interior color? Where’s the variety, imagination, and customizing possibilities. It’s probably to push buyers into purchasing the $4,000 premium interior package that offers a very attractive red/amber and black interior on the Premium version of the GT-R the standard ⁷. In terms of parts of the interior that the driver interacts with, the dashboard is clean and well laid out. There is a large firm leather wrapped steering, perfectly sized paddle shifters mounted on the steering column (like it’s suppose to be), and center stack with perfectly placed buttons. The interior is just simple. And for the first time, simple is better. I know everyone knows about that famous 7 inch LCD touch screen build in collaboration by Sony and other companies no one cares about. Everyone knows about the 8 or so default screens and 4 customizable screens that display 18 different parameters of information. It’s honestly really cool for the first couple months, you will not stop looking at it and changing displays but eventually it’ll get old and you will forget about it. That screen also comes with Nissan’s hard drive navigation system and a backup camera⁵. The navigation system does the job well but unless your concern about data usage, I would just you my phone. Good news is that the screen and all of its features, except Sirius’ NavTraffic and NavWeather, are standard. Good job Nissan.

Powertrain

The 2014 Nissan GT-R still comes with that brutal 3.8 liter twin turbo V6 engine that produces 545hp and 463lb-ft of torque. Every engine is hand-assembled by a single technician (like AMG) in a temperature controlled clean room (not like AMG). Thanks to its independent intake system for each cylinder bank, the GT-R’s engine feels lively as it revs to 7,000 rpm without much turbo lag⁶. The 463lb-ft of twisting forces is sent through a 6-speed sequential dual clutch automated manual transmission and laid down to the grown via its ATTESA E-TS® all wheel drive. In case you don’t know, ATTESA E-TS® stands for Advanced Total Traction Engineering System for All-Terrain and its been with the Nissan family since 1989⁶. With the legendary launch control, the GT-R can blast from 0 to 60mph in a hypercar level 2.7 seconds. After all, it’s that launch control that gave the Nissan GT-R its world famous reputation. I will be explaining how the Nissan GT-R performs its launch control in mind blending speeds sometime next week so stay tune for that post. The world class Bilstein® DampTronic® suspension system is another one of the GT-R’s trump cards that continuously adjusts the shock absorber damping based on vehicle speed, lateral acceleration, torque, engine rpm, and braking behavior to provide the best suspension damping for the situation. Honestly, I believe that this DampTronic® system is one of the most advance suspension systems currently on the market. It’s mainly because of this suspension system that the GT-R is so superior on the track and drivable on the road.

Associated with the trio of toggle switches on the dash, the GT-R has few personalities that you can choose from at any time. The first toggle closest to the driver influences the transmission to choose between Snow, normal, and R-Mode. Snow mode, which Nissan themselves call it Save, is for gentle torque delivery for long distance and bad weather driving. R-Mode of course offers the fastest shifts times (0.15 sec) by preselecting and priming the next gear before you click the paddle shifter⁶. The GT-R’s intelligent brain is even able to prep and prime a lower gear by monitoring whether you are braking, so downshifts are just as immediate and fast as upshifts. The middle toggle controls the suspension between automatic, comfort, and R-mode. The last toggle furthest from the driver controls the traction control or Vehicle Dynamic Control (VDC). My advice to you is “Unless you are activating Launch control, DO NOT TOUCH THAT TOGGLE BECAUSE YOU MAY VOID YOUR WARRANTY”!! I will also be discussing about this warranty problem in my next post, you don't want to miss it.

Driving a GT-R is full of emotion, both good and bad. The good emotions come from the torque, the speed, and more torque. Flooring the GT-R on a straight will never get old, ever. No matter how many times you do it or what mood you're in, downshifting a few times and pressing the accelerator will always make you laugh and smile. Launch control is just brutal, ripping your face off and exceeding the speed limit before you even realize what happened. Other than the GT-R’s launch, you will probably never accelerate that fast ever again. Just don’t do it repeatedly, launch control puts a lot of stress on the vehicle and something is bound to fail if you do it back to back. The last of the good emotions comes from the price. For just over a $100,000, you will not get that much performance for that price anytime soon. The launch control’s 0-60mph acceleration, the unmatched ability to hold the road, the confidence it gives the drivers, and lap times that are in league with supercars makes the GT-R a steal. It’s just hard not to resist the GT-R.

The bad emotions mainly exist in the city. The GT-R’s suspension is pretty stiff even in comfort mode. I personally don’t think it’s too bad, but I can easily see consumers complain about it. Rough city roads can beat you up and give you a headache, but only in the city. Driving on the highway or country road feels like driving any other sports car. The Audi R8, who directly competes with this car, does have a much better ride than the GT-R. On the flip side a better ride on the road equals body roll on the track so you can’t blame Nissan. Also the 6-speed double clutch transmission is extremely clunky at slow speeds. Now all DCTs are jerky at slow speeds; some are better than others but that’s just part of owning a double clutch manual. The GT-R’s double clutch transmission is one of the worse, nothing that should deter people from buying one but it’s really annoying in traffic. The last disappointment comes from those quad exhaust pipes. Those pipes look stunning and super aggressive; I can fit my entire fist in just one of those tips. But after hearing what comes out from those pipes from the outside and within the cabin, I realize that those pipes produce an ugly noise. They just produce a moan-like roar that gets louder as RPM rises. The old GT-Rs, I mean the ones from the late 80’s and early 90’s makes an auditory orgasmic sound. I miss that sound and I wish the current GT-R sounded a little bit better.

Options:

                This section is going to be really short because sadly Nissan only offers 3 package options. The first is the Premium Interior package ($3,000) that I mentioned before⁷. It offers a red, amber, and black interior that, depending on your exterior color, will be an attractive addition to your GT-R. The next package is the $3,000 Super Silver Special Metallic Paint option⁷. Wonder how many suckers they convinced to choose that option. The last option is one that everyone should pay attention too. The standard GT-R comes with a set of Dunlop® SP Sport MAXX GT 600 CTT high-performance run-flat tires filled with nitrogen (what a mouth full)⁶. Those tires are awesome in terms of providing maximum grip to both perform face numbing launches and support insane lateral Gs around corners. Unfortunately, the world is not one big Formula 1 race track with constant sunny skies. When the heavens open up and the roads become slippery, those Dunlop® sport MAXXs are unbelievably scary to be driving on. You are probably wondering; “but the GT-R has all wheel drive.” But I would respond to you by saying; “Yes but even in snow mode, you are only as good as your tires.” You can have the world’s greatest stability control and 4 wheel drive system in your vehicle, they can’t help you once your car has gained momentum and your tires can not offer the grip to turn or stop. Nissan knows this, that’s why their 3^rd option, the Cold Weather package, is offered for FREE⁷!!! This package offers Dunlop® SP Sport 7010 all-season run-flat tires and 50/50 coolant⁷. If you plan on driving this on a regular basis or you live in the deciduous climate zone, this package is a must buy. Because these are all-season tires, your 0-60 mph times maybe be about 2 hundreds of a second slower. I would definitely sacrifice 2 hundreds of a second for an improvement in overall drivability, who is going to notice that I accelerate a blink of an eye slower. If you are really determined to maintain that 2.7 second acceleration, than just buy those sport MAXXs al la carte from your local dealer. Those are Nissan’s 3 packages for the GT-R; one is completely pointless, one is a total up sale tool, and one is extremely important. Also keep an eye out for the Midnight Opal Special edition, or what I like to call “the Need for Speed Underground edition”. It has the purple and brown dynamic reflective pain that changes as your angle changes. They are only making 100 of these editions, 50 is for the USA and 50 for the rest of the world.  Furthermore, especially keep an eye out for the ultimate GT-R coming out in 2015 called the GT-R Nismo.

Since their debut in 2008 the Nissan GT-R has been a hot topic in car magazine, blogs, and YouTube comments. Most of those comments and reviews have been extremely bias, shining a god-like light upon the GT-R as it eats supercars alive. Here is the most popular GT-R comment: “The Nissan GT-R is a budget supercar.” After experiencing the GT-R, I say it’s more along the lines as a really good sports car than a budget supercar. Supercars have a charisma and a presence to them that no other cars have. People who don’t even know anything about cars knows what a Ferrari or a Lamborghini is and is excited to see one. The world will stop to take a picture of a supercar. The Nissan GT-R does not have that level of presence or charisma; it does not form crowds, or makes random people’s day, or start conversations like a supercar does. But whatever you call it, the GT-R is a monster of a vehicle. The Nissan GT-R has 4 key features that places it in the legendary list of sports cars; the launch control’s 0-60mph acceleration, the unmatched ability to hold the road, the confidence it gives drivers, and lap times that are in league with supercars. All of the other features are mediocre if not surpassed by its competitors, but all that gets negated after a quick launch or brisk drive on a canyon road. I wouldn’t say the Nissan GT-R is the best car in the world, but it is definitely up there on the list.

Resources

1.       Nissan GTR Wallpaper 2013 Wallpaper." Radiope.com RSS. Radiope.com, n.d. Web. 26 Nov. 2013. <http://www.radiope.com/nissan-gtr-wallpaper-2013.html>.

2.       Nissan. "2014 Nissan GT-R Colors & Photos." Nissan USA. Nissan USA, n.d. Web. 26 Nov. 2013. <http://www.nissanusa.com/sportscars/gt-r/colors-photos#_exterior>.

3.       Geiger, Jennifer. "2015 Nissan GT-R NISMO Photo Gallery." - KickingTires. Cars.com, 19 Nov. 2013. Web. 26 Nov. 2013. <http://blogs.cars.com/kickingtires/2013/11/2015-nissan-gt-r-nismo-photo-gallery.html>.

4.       Hqwide. "Cars Nissan Gtr Wallpaper." HQ Widescreen Wallpapers. Hqwide, n.d. Web. 26 Nov. 2013. <http://hqwide.com/cars-nissan-gtr-wallpaper-40101/>.

5.       Nissan. "2014 Nissan GT-R Specs." Nissan USA. Nissan, 2013. Web. 26 Nov. 2013. <http://www.nissanusa.com/sportscars/gt-r/versions-specs>.

6.       Nissan. "Performance Feature." Nissan USA. Nissan USA, 2013. Web. 26 Nov. 2013. <http://www.nissanusa.com/sportscars/gt-r/features>.

7.       Nissan. "Nissan GT-R Build." Build Your Nissan GT-R. Nissan USA, 2013. Web. 26 Nov. 2013. <http://www.nissanusa.com/buildyournissan/modelLine/build/2014/GTR>.

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